Steam-engine reversing-gear.



J. R. SNYDER.

STEAM ENGINE REV-ERSING GEAR.

.APPLICATION HLED JuLY23. 1915.

Patented June 13', 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

I. R. SNYDER.

STEAM ENGINE REVER'SING GEAR.

APPLICATION man 1uLY23.1915.

Patented June 13, 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

F IG@ JACOB RUSH s-NYDER, or I,Itr'rsisUR-GH, PENNSYLVANIA.

To all whomt may concern:

Be it known that I, JACOB RUSH SNYDER, a resident of. Pittsburgh, in thecounty of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new anduseful Improvement in Steam-Engine Reversing-Gear, of which thefollowing isa specification.

This inventlon relates to mechanism for operating the reversing gear ofsteam engines, suchfas locomotives. t

The object of the invention is to provlde a fluid actuated device formoving the usualv valve gear, and which is soarranged as to insurepositive movement of the valve gear without dangerof any kick-back totheengineer or operator, and also one .which will prevent the valve gearVfrom being moved farther than intended.

The invention comprises the construction and arrangement of parts:hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical sectional viewthrough the actuating cylinder and the locking device for the reach rod,and showing the valve mechanism for the operating cylinder Vand itsactuating means in elevation; Fig. 2 is a vertical section xthrough thevalvev mechanism and its .actuating means on the line 2 2, Fig. l; Fig.3 is a horizontal section on the line 3 3, Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a similarsection on the line 4 4, Fig. 1; Fig. 5 is a` horizontal sect-ion on theline 5 5, Fig. 1; Fig. Gis a lvertical section through the .reach rodlocking device on the line 6 6,

Fig. 1; Figs. 7, 8 and 9 are plan views respectively of the seat, thefirst" or lower rotary disk, and the second or upper rotary diskv of thevalve mechanism; and Figs. 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 are diagrammatic viewsshowing the valve mechanism respectively in normal release position, inlock applying position, in cylinder application and lock applyingposition, and in cylinder application and lock release position. i

In the drawings, 1 represents a reversing cylinder'in which works thepiston' 2 hav# ing its piston" rod 3 connected'to the reach rod 4 whichiscon'nected to the usual reversing link mechanisrn'of the engine andwhich need not be shown. When the piston 2 is moved in one direction thelink mecha-- nism will be-movedto, say, drive the engine forwardly, andwhenthe piston 2 is'moved in the opposite direction the link mechanismWillbe Inmediatov drive the 'engine back- Specication of Letters Patent.

STEAM-ENGINE REVERSINGr-GE.

' .Patenteaaane 13,1916.

' Applicationledj'uly 23,` 1915. Serial No. 41,501.

wardly. These movementsof the piston are" secured by admitting andexhausting fluid pressure alternately to and fromtheopposite endsof thecylinder. A locking device 4is provided for preventing movement of thepiston and the rods connected thereto untilv thelactuating means hasbeen fully moved to-the desiredpositiom'in order lto prevent the uldpressure 'admitted to the cylinder from moving the actuating lever andinjuringthe ',engineer. The locking .mechai nism 'shown is in the'formof a clamp embracing the reach rod, and-comprises a sta tionary member 5.having pivotally connected thereto as at 6`the grippingjaw-7, the

latter being provided with an extension or f arm 8 which is arranged tobe actuated by a projection 9 on a piston 10 working in a suitablecylinder ll'and arranged to have a-suitable motive fluid introducedthereinto on the opposite side of the piston 10 in order to drive theprojection 9 against the arm 8 and cause the jaw 7 toy grip the reachrod, as will be readily understood.

A special form of valve and actuating means therefor is provided foralternately admitting pressure to and exhausting it from the opposite`'ends of the cylinder 1 and also admitting motive" fluid to andyexhausting it from the cylinder 11 of the'A locking device. This valvemechanism and its actuating means comprises a stationary member14provided with a circular portion orhub 15 on which are rotatablymounted a sector `16. and the valve actuating handle 17. The sector 16is provided with a downwardly projecting arm 18 connected through link19 and lever 20 to the reach' rod 4, so that the movement of the reachrod by the power cylinder 1 imparts movement to this sector. A

Secured to the part 15 of the stationary member 14 is a. valve whichcomprises a suitable casing 21 closed at its outer end by the head 22whose inner face. forms the seat 23 for the valve., Working on said seatis the first or lower disk 24,. whose upper or inner face in turn formsa seat for the top or second rotary disk 25. `The two rotary disksareheld tothe seat and against each other by means of a compressionspring 26. The disk 24 is provided with a hollow stem has secured to itsouter side an arm 28 se- Acured to the actuating handle A17. The top orinner rotary disk25 is also' provided with a hollow stem which extends.throughthe hollow stem of the disk 24 and has secured to its outer enda cross-member 30, to each end of which is connected by a slot and pinconnection an arm or bracket 31 secured to a bar 32 `which is slidablymounted on the handle 17, extending through guide loops 33 on saidhandle. The upperend of the handle is enlarged, and/vertically movabletherein is a handle-locking member or dog 35, which at its lower end isvprovided with f a tooth 3G arranged to engage a notch 37 1n i 4 thecurved portion of sectorl 16. This dog also has ja :rearwardlyprojecting part 38 carrying vone or more teethV arranged `to engage withtheteeth 39. on a curved rack'por'- tion ofthestationary member 14.v-The locking dog-'35 is` normally helddeprsed by means of a spring40.,seatedin a-pocket in said locking dog and having its upper Lendengaging a bearing member .A41 resting against; theV cross. bar 420i thehandle. Each of thel vertically slidable bars=32yfis provided :at itsupper endwith .an .enlargement or.` lingerfgrip 43,-both-of whichengageunderneath a `flange 44`formed on the upper part of the lockingdog'.y 35. .v

.The handle 17 is held against. accidental or unintentional movement ineither .direction by means of a pair of locking plungers 45 mountedyinvbosses 46 `carried .by the sec- .p torl and normally held in`projected positionY by springs 47. The .forward or vouter'. endsy ofthese locking plungers arebe'reled,

as shown in- Figsfl and 5, Eand. each sliding bar, 32 is'fprovided uith; a. projection '.48 arf ranged when the baris lifted .to contactwith.k the fbeveled end of the lockingplunger and i push,it backwardly`againstthe tension ofthey spring 47, fand kthusipermit the vhandle 17'to. be, moved in: 4the direction oit y,whichever one of thetwoslidingfbarshas been lifted. The vvalil'e; casing 321-is1 providedwith, an inlet 50, kforgmotive fluid to the space above therotaryEdisksin saidv casingL, -The -valve seat is provided with three ports,to-wit, f

-port 5,1jcovnnectedvby pipe152:to oneend of the, cylinder, 1, port 53connected-by pipe .54

I tothe'opposite end of the -cylinder 1,2 and port` 55` connected byjpipe 56.3130 port 57y of the, locky actuating .cylinder-11;. yThe lower'rotary` disk 24` 4is provided .f ,with three; ports,

marked.-,58, 459 and G Ozrespectively, whichlextend. entirelythroughthe.v disk 'land :which ing. ,entirely` through thei disk,- and onI-itsi communicate with long grooves :onthe lower face-@of the disk. X The`ltofp .di`sk;;25,.is gprovided -withtwo circularfports,l 6l and62, andtvstoy elongated ports. 63; and .64,eXtendlower face isprovided/withthree 'arc-shaped which connects through radial passage 6,8 in ithevalve ltbodyk with ,the central :opening or passage 69pI throughthe stemoffsaid valve,

and which latter passage forms the exhaust.

Y Normally the handle 17 is in the position shown in Fig. 1, being heldbetween the locking yprojections 45 onl each side thereof and with the.locking dog 35 engaging both the notch 37 in the sector 1G and alsoengaging the rack bar 39 of the stationary member 14. A. In thisposition the piston-2 is midway of the length of .the cylinder l and thevalve mechanism is-in the position shown in Fig. 10. y The ports 58, 59and 60 of the disk 24v register respectively with'the ports 51, 53 and55 of thev valve seat, and the cavities G5, 6G and 67 Vof theupper diskregister i cross head 30.0n the outer end of the stem.

of the; inner disk 25 (the opposite one of the, yslidingbars 32 is freevto "move .downs wardlyr to permit such rotary movement).

orl'innerinost rotarydisk clockwise tok the position shown in Fig. 11,which brings. the po1ft63 of .said rotary disk over the port 58 in'thelowerdisk, and as theflatter still registerswithportl in'the valveseat this `perm1ts;mo tive.fluid to passthrough pipe 5 2 to theouter endof cylinder 2.. At the same time the.; port 62 in the top rotary .diskregistersfwithy `port 4.60y in ythe bottom rotary disk,

p Thismovement is sufficient to rotate thetop 1 andas'. this.; latterport -still-re'gisters with port 55 inthe valveseat I notive Huid alsopassestotheycylinder 11.01 the device for `locking the reachzrod .In-passingto this position` the port 63 isbrought into register .withportf 58 beforethe port 62 is brought into registerwith port .60,butztliis is only foraiverybriefltime, and inasmuch as the capacityofcylinder Lis much greater thanv .the capacity,` of.; the cylinder 11;the locking device'isf'actuated before'the. piston 2- has opportnmtytomove.. This locln'ng device gripsfthe reach rod andjpreventsany back fmovementof .tlie'handle 17 through the links and. levers;;20,- 119.;andV 18,` until the locking `device Ais released.

...The-upward movementof the slidingv bar 32 .liftsthelocking dog.v outof engagement with the sector 116 and outof engagement with ,the rack39, and, also, the projection.48 pushes. backwardly they-.lockingplungrT-45 on .the left hand side .of the han-- dle.- Theopera-torcanVthen movethe handle 17 tothe left, to, anydesired position.- .Thisn'ioycmentof .fth'c handle A117 carries with it both..ofthe disks ,21.and of the .valve l mechanism, say,l to thc position shown in Fig. 12,but without disturbing the relations of the two disks 24 and 25 to eachother,`and inasmuch as the ports in the lowermost disks 'end in longarc-shaped grooves on the lower face of the disk, none of theconnections described in the last previous position are disturbed.

As soon as the engineer has movedthe handle 17 as far as desired, hereleases the projection 43V on the sliding rod 32, and this allows thedog 35 to drop, but not to its full extent, because its lower end willstrike against the upper surface of sector 16. The teeth on rack 39 are,however, deep enough so that they will nevertheless'be engaged by therearward projection 38 on the locking dog 35, suficiently to lock thehandle in that position. As soon as the engineer releases the projection43 to allow the locking dog 35 to drop, the downward movement of thesliding rod 32 imparts rotary movement to the cross head 30, but in theopposite direction from that given toit when the sliding vrod wasraised, but not to the same extent,

the cylinder 11 exhausts through port 55 in' the valve seat, port 60 inthe bottom rotary disk and cavity 67 and passage 68 in the top disk, tothe central exhaust port 69. The piston 2' is now free to move, and movethe. valve gear, but, it will be observed, that by this time the handleis mechanically locked by means of the projection 38 of the locking vdog3o engaging the rack 39.

Consequently, any back kick or sudden movement due to the suddenmovement of the piston 2 cannot injure the engineer. As the piston 2moves outwardly, by means of lever 20, link 19 and arm 1S the sector 16ismoved,funtil the notch 37 therein comes underneath the locking dog 35,when the toothed end 36 of said dog wil dropdown into lsuch notch. Thefurther downward movement of the locking dog permits the sliding rod 32to move. downwarly fully to its normal position, thereby furtherrotating the top disk25 backwardly to its position normal to the lowerdisk 24. This kposition is shown in Fig. 14. In this position therelation ofthev lower disk of the valve seat `described in the previousposition is not dis- YThe top disk now is moved back so that V'not onlydoes cavity 6T still register with port 60 in the lower disk, but cavity65 is also brought into register with the port 68 in the lower disk, asa 'consequenceof which the cylinder 1 is also released. As aconsequence, the movement of the piston 2 through the members 20, 19, 18and 16, automatically brings about the release of pressure froln thecylinder 1 as soon as the piston 2 has moved to the desired extent.

As the sector 16 is moved in the manner just described, the lockingplunger 45 which had been retracted when the sliding bar 32 was lifted,slides along the back face of the handle 17, and when the sector hasbeen brought to its final position said projection 45 is pushedoutwardly by its spring 47.

When it isrdesired to drive the engine in the opposite direction fromthat described, the engineer lifts the projection 43 of the sliding bar32 on the opposite side of the handle 17 from that just described, whenhe will be able to move the handle in that direction, and bring aboutexactly thesame changes as just described, except that in this case thefluid pressure will be admitted through port 53 of the valve seat to theinner end of cylinder l. The sector 16 is provided on its rear face witha notch or socket 70 ,for receiving a bar or lever for moving saidsector in cases when it cannot be automatically moved by the cylinder 1,as occurs when the engine is second in a double header and therefore hasno control over the compressed air in its system.

The valve mechanism described insures the movement of the valve .gearpositively and to the desired extent and .requires no attention of theengineer other than to unlock the actuating handle 17 by lifting one ofthe sliding rods 32 and then moving the handle to the desired position,all of the other operations taking place entirely automatically. Themechanism is so arranged as to prevent the engineer from moving thehandle except in the direction of the particularsliding rod 32 which hehas lifted.

IVhat I claim is 1. In valve reversing mechanism, the combination of areversing cylinder, a piston therein, a reversing rod connected to saidpiston, a fluid pressure actuated locking device for saidmrod, and valvemechanism controlling the supply and exhaust of motive fluid to andfrom'the two ends of said cylinder and to and fronrsaid locking pdeviceand arranged to admit motivetfluid to the locking device to lockthereversing rodsi'multaneously with the admission of motive fluid toeither end of said cylinder to act'uate the reversing rod.

2. In valve reversing mechanism, the combination of a reversingcylinder, a piston therein, a reversing rod connected to said piston, aHuid pressure actuated locking deand to and fromsaid locking device, anactu'-l vice for said rod, and valve mechanism cony trolling the supplyand exhaust of motive fluid to and from the two ends of said cylinderand to and from said locking device and arranged to admit motive fluidto the locking device to lock the reversing rod simultaneously with theadmission of motive fluid to either end of said cylinder t0 actuate thereversing rod and to exhaust the motive fluid from said locking deviceupon the setting of said valve mechanism to the desired position.

3. In valve reversing mechanism, the combination of ay reversingcylinder, a piston therein, a reversing rod connected to said piston, afluid pressure actuated locking device for said rodvalve mechanismcontrolling the supply and exhaust of motive fluid tov and from thel twoends of said cylinder .and to andfrom said locking device andarranged toadmit motive fluid to; the locking device to lock the reversing rodsimultaneously withfthe admissionxof .motive fluidl to either .end ofsaid cylinder to actuate the reversing rod, and means actuated :by thetravel of said reversing rod for causing said valve mechanismto'e'xhaust said cylinder when thepiston has traveled the requireddistance.,` y 1 l 4. In valve reversing-mechanism, the comlbination of areversing, cylindena piston therein,'fa reversing rod connected to saidpiston, a fluid pressureactuated lockingdevice for said rod, valvemechanism controlling the supply and exhaust of motive fluid fto andfrom the two ends ofsaid cylinder'a-nd to and from said locking device fand arranged to admit motive fluid to thelocking device to lock thereversing rod simultaneously with the admission of-motivefluid to.either end of said cylinder to actuatethe reversing rod and to exhaustthe'locking device' when said valve ymechanism has-been set -to thedesired position, and means a'clmatedl by the travel of said piston forcausing thefvalve mechanism to exhaust said `cylinder when the pistonhas traveled the required distance.v

.5.1 4In valve reversing mechanism, the combination of a reversingcylinder, a piston therein, a reversing -rod n'connected to said piston,a fluidlpressure actuated locking device for said rod, valvemechanism'controlj ling the supply and exhaust of motivel fluid to andfrom the two `ends of saidl cylinder ating handle -for saidyalvemechanism, -a

lock for said handle, means for-releasing said handle lock arrangedtosimultaneously tive fluid to said rod lockingdevice to lock haust saidrod locking device A and release said rod while maintaining the supplyto said reversing cylinder.

6. In valve reversing mechanism, the combination of a reversingcylinder, a piston therein, a reversing rod connected to said piston,afluid pressure actuating locking dey said .handle lock arranged tosimultaneously actuate said valve mechanism to admit mo,

tive fluid to said rod locking device to lock said rod and tosaidcylinder to actuate said rod, means for permitting the partial res,-

toration of said valve mechanism after the 7. In valve reversingmechanism, the comf 4bination of a vreversing cylinder, a pistontherein, a reversing .rod connected to said piston, a fluid' pressurelocking device for said` rod, valve mechanism controlling the supply andexhaust of motive fluid to and from the two ends of the cylinder and tovand from said locking device, an actuating handle for saidvalvemechanism, a lock for said handle, and connections from said handle lockwhereby uponl the` release thereof-the valve'mechanism is actuated toadmit motive fluid to'said rod locking device to lock said rod 'and tosaid cylinder to actuate said rod, and arranged' when said handlelocking means is released to partly actuate the valve mechanism toexhaust the locking device and release said rod while maintaining the osupply to the reversing cylinder.

therein, a reversing rod connected to said piston, a fluid pressurelocking device for said rod, valve mechanism controlling the supply andexhaust of motive fluid to and from the-two ends of the cylinder andtoand from said. locking device, an actuating handle for said valvemechanism, a lock for said handle, connections from said handle lockwhereby upon the release thereof the valve mechanism is actuated toadmit motive fluid to said rod locking device to lock said rod and tosaid cylinder to actuate said rod and arranged when said handle lockingmeans is released to partly actua-te the valve said'rod and to said.cylinder to actuate said rod, and meansfor permitting the partial.restoration of said valve mechanism after vthe handle has been moved tothereby exmechanism to exhaust the locking device to release said rodwhile maintaining the supply to the reversing cylinder, and meansactuated by the travel of said piston for further actuating said'valvemechanism to exhaust said cylinder when the piston has traveled therequired distance.

9. In valve reversing mechanism, the combination of a reversingcylinder, a piston therein, a reversing rod connected to said piston, afluid actuated locking device for said rod, valve mechanism controllingthe supply and exhaust of motive fluid to and from the two endsof Vsaidcylinder and to and from said rod locking device, an `actuating handlefor the valve mechanism, a lock for said actuating handle, means forreleasing said handle lock and .therewith actuating said valve mechanismto admit motive fluid to the rod locking device to lock said rod andtothe cylinder to actuate, said rod, and means for restoring said handlelocking device after the handle has been moved and thereby partially`restoring the valve mechanism to exhaust the rod locking deviceand\release said rod.

10. In valve -reversing mechanism, the combination of a reversingcylinder, a piston therein, a reversing rod connected to said piston, afluid actuated locking device for said rod, valve mechanism controllingthe supply and exhaust of motive fluid to and from the two ends of saidcylinderand to and from said locking device, an actuating handlefor thevalve mechanism, a lock for said actuating handle, means for releasingsaid handle lock and therewith actuatin said valve mechanism to admitmotive flui to the rod locking device to lock said rod and to thecylinder to actuate said rod, means for restoring said handle lockingdevice after the handle has been moved and thereby partially restoringthe valve mechanism to exhaust the rod locking device and release saidrod, and means actuated by the travel of said piston and permitting thehandle.. locking device to be fully restored when the piston hastraveled thel desired distance and therebv further actuate the valvemechanism to release the cylinder.

11. In' valve reversing mechanism, the combination of a reversingcylinder, a piston therein, a reversing rod connected to said piston, afluid actuated locking device for said rod, valve mechanism controllingthe supply andl exhaust of motive fluid to and from the two ends of saidcylinder and to and from said locking device, an actuating handle forthe valve mechanism, a lock for said actuating handle, means forreleasing said handle lock and therewith actuating said valve mechanismto admit motive fluid to the rod locking device to lock said rod and tothe cylinder to actuate said rod, means for restoring said handlelocking device after the handle has been moved and thereby partiallyrestoring they valve mechanism to exhaust the rod locking device, andrelease said rod, land a retractable stop engaging said lever andarranged to be retracted when said handle locking means is released.

12. In valve reversing mechanism, the combination of a reversingcylinder, a pist0n therein, a reversing rod connected to said piston, afluid actuated locking device vfor said rod, valve mechanism controllingthe supply and exhaust of motive fluid to and from the two ends of saidcylinder and,

to and from said locking device, an actuating handle for the valvemechanism, a lock for said actuating handle, means tor releasing saidhandle lock and therewith ,actuating said valve mechanism to admitmotive fluid to the rod locking device to lock said rod and to thecylinder to actuate said rod, means for restoring said handle lockingdevice after the handle has been moved and thereby partially restoringthe valve mechanism to exhaust the rod locking device and releasesaidrod, means actuated 4by the travel of said piston and permitting thehandle locking device to be fully restored -when the piston has traveledthe desired disdevice and arranged to admit motive fluidto the lockingdevice to lock said rod simultaneously with the admission of motivefluid to either end of said cylinder to ,actuate said rod, said valvemechanism comprising a seat, a rotary disk in operative .relationthereto, a second rotary disk in voperative relation to the first rotarydisk, ports and passages in said disks and seat affording connectionbetween a source ofA motive luid andthe two ends of said cylinder andsaid rod locking device and tothe atmosphere,

-an actuating handle connected to one of said disks, and a handlelocking device operatively connected to the other disk whereby said lastnamed disk when actuated by the act of releasing said handle lockingdevice admits pressure to said rod locking deviceto lock said rod. v

1-1. In valve reversing mechanism, the combination of a reversingcylinder, a piston therein, a reversing rod connected to said piston, afluid pressure actuated locking device for said rod, and valve mechanismcontrolling the supply and exhaust of motive fluid to andfrom the twoends of the cylinder and to and from said rod locking device andarranged to admitmotive fluid to the locking device to' lock said rodsimultaneously with the admission ofr motive fluid to either end of--said cylinder to actuate said rod, saidvalve mechamsm comprising "aseat, a rotary disk 1n operative relation thereto, a second rotary diskVAin operative relation to the device and to the `atmosphere`,"anactuating vhandle connected to' one of said disks, a

handle lockingdevice operatively connected to the otherA disk wherebyvsaid last named disk'when actuated bythe act of releasing said `handlelocking device admits pressure to said rod locking'device toflock saidrod,

- y and means yfor restoring saidh'andle locking means and thereby movesaid last. named l diskand exhaust said-rod locking device to releasesaid rod.- v n I5. In valve reversmg mechanlsm, the

combination of a kreversing cylinder, a pis-k A .ton therein, areversing rod connected to l said piston, a fluid pressure actuatedlocki ingv deice for said rod, and valve mechanism t controlling thesupply andeX-haust of mon anism comprising al seat, a rotary disk y tivefluid to andy from the two ends of the cylinder and to and from saidrod'locking device and arranged to admit motive fluid lto the lockingdevice to lock saidarod `simultaneously with the ladmission of motivefluid to either end of said cylinder to `actuateysaid rod, said `valvemechinoperative relation thereto, a second rotary disk in operativerelation to the firstl rotarydisk, ports and passages in said disks tand lseat lao'rding communication between a source of `motive fluid andthe two ends of said cylinder and Ysaid Vrod locking ,dev i fvice and itothe atmosphere, an ractuating handle connected to one of said disks,vav han-y y kdle` locking device, operatively connected toy the otherdisk,whereby said last named disk,

when actuated by the act of releasing said handle locking device admitspressure to said rod locking device, means for restoring lsaid handlelocking" means and thereby move said last nameddisk and exhaust said rodlocking device to release said rod, and

16. In valve reversing mechanism, the

combination of a reversing cylinder, a piston therein, a reversing rodconnected to said piston, a locking device for saidrod, valve mechanismcontrolling the supply and eX- haust of motive fluid to and from the twoends of said cylindergan actuating handle for said valve mechanism, alock for said `actuating handle, and connections whereby the actuationof said handle lock to release said handle actuates said rod locking device to lock the reversing rod. n

17. In valvev reversing mechanism, the combination of a reversingcylinder, a piston therein, a reversing rod connected to said piston, alocking device for said rod,v

valve mechanism controlling the supply and rexhaust 'of motive fluid toand from the two ends of said cylinder, an actuating'handle for saidvalve mechanism,a lock. for said actuating handle, connections wherebythe actuation of said handle lock to lrelease vsaid handle actuates saidrod locking device to lock the reversing rod, and means arranged uponthe actuation of the valve mechanism to admit luid to said cylinderv andrelease Vsaid rod locking'device.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto setv my hand.

JACOB RUSH SN YDER.'

Witnesses:

F. W. WINTER, GLENN H. LERESCHE.

l(hnpiuot this patent may be obtained forti-ve cents each, b'yaddressing the commissioner ot Patents, f -`waanmgm,1a.c."

